Section 7 (TPA 1882) – Person Competent to Transfer

Transfer of Property Act, 1882

Sec. 7 – Person Competent to Transfer

🔹 Short Note (Hindi)

Section 7 batata hai ki kaun vyakti property legally transfer kar sakta hai. Jo insaan property ka malik ho aur law ke hisaab se capable ho, wahi kisi aur ko apna haq transfer kar sakta hai.

🔹 Detailed Explanation (English + Hindi)

Section 7 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 defines who has the legal capacity to transfer property.
A transfer is valid only when the person:

1. Is legally competent (sane and major)
2. Is the owner or has transferable rights in that property

Matlab agar koi property ke malik hai ya uske paas valid interest hai, to woh kisi aur vyakti ko transfer kar sakta hai through sale, gift, lease, mortgage, exchange, etc.

Minor, unsound person, ya koi aisa vyakti jiske paas ownership right nahi hai, wo kisi ko property legally transfer nahi kar sakta.

🔹Main Conditions

1. Title or Authority:
   Transfer karne wale ke paas valid ownership ya transferable interest hona chahiye.
2. Legal Capacity:
   • Must be a major (18+)
   • Must be of sound mind
   • Must not be disqualified by any law
3. Rightful Possession:
   Person should have the right to convey title to another person.
4. No Fraud or Legal Restriction:
   Transfer voluntary aur lawful hona chahiye.

🔹 Legal Meaning (Simple Terms)

Is section ka simple matlab ye hai ki:
Jo property aapki hai, ya jisme aapka haq legally hai, wahi aap kisi dusre ko transfer kar sakte ho.
Agar koi person legally capable nahi hai, ya uske paas haq nahi hai, to uska transfer invalid hoga.

Example of competent person:

• Property owner
• Authorized power of attorney holder
• Legally recognized interest holder

Example of non-competent person:

• Minor
• Mentally unstable person
• Someone transferring others’ property without rights

🔹Example

Ankit 25 saal ka hai aur apne naam ki zameen ko Vivek ko bech deta hai. Kyunki Ankit major hai, sound mind me hai, aur property uske naam hai, transfer valid hoga.

Lekin agar koi minor ladka apne naam ki property gift kare ya sale kare, to woh transfer void hoga kyunki wo legally competent nahi hai.

🔹 Key Legal Points

• Ownership or lawful interest is mandatory
• Minor or unsound person cannot transfer
• Person must not be disqualified by law
• Authority can be direct ownership or legal authorization
• Transfer without title is invalid
• Law protects the transferee only when transferor is competent

🔹 Nyay Neeti Advice

Property transfer tabhi karein jab aap sure hon ki transfer karne wala aadmi legally capable hai. Transfer deed banwane se pehle ownership documents, age, mental capacity aur legal rights verify karein.
Galat person se transfer lene par future me dispute, cancellation ya fraud ka risk hota hai.

🔹Summary Table