Section 406 / 420 (IPC) – Online fraud, cheating, or scam

Indian Penal Code (IPC)

Section 406 / 420 – Online fraud, cheating, or scam

🔹 Short Note (Hindi)

Section 406 aur 420 IPC un cases par lagu hota hai jahan kisi insaan se online fraud, cheating, ya scam karke paise, data ya trust ka misuse kiya gaya ho. Yani digital ya electronic tareeke se kisi ko dhokha dena ya property hadapna ek punishable offence hai.

🔹 Detailed Explanation (English + Hindi)

Section 406 aur 420 dono fraudulent aur dishonest activities ko cover karte hain, especially jab ye kaam online platforms, apps, websites, ya electronic communication se hota hai.

🔹 Section 406 – Criminal Breach of Trust

Tab lagu hota hai jab kisi ko property ya paise trust ke basis par diye gaye ho, aur usne unka misuse, conversion, ya misappropriation kiya ho.

Example:
Kisi ne online payment property booking, investment, ya order ke liye liya aur deliver nahi kiya.

🔹 Section 420 – Cheating and Dishonest Inducement

Tab apply hota hai jab koi person:

• Jhooti identity, fake promises, ya misleading intention se
• Kisi ko paise dene, investment karne, ya personal details share karne ke liye majboor karta hai
• Aur us se financial ya personal loss hota hai

Ye section most commonly cyber scams me use hota hai.

🔹 Main Conditions

For Section 406:

1. Property ya money kisi trust ke basis pe diya gaya ho
2. Offender ne uska misuse kiya ho
3. Intention dishonest ho

For Section 420:

1. Cheating or deception from the beginning
2. Victim ko induce karke loss karwaya gaya
3. Offender ne wrongful gain liya ho
4. Digital/online medium use hua ho

🔹 Legal Meaning (Simple Terms)

Agar koi banda online galat identity ya jhoothe promise karke paise le le, investment karwaye, product beche bina deliver kiye, ya kisi ka data misuse kare — to Section 406 ya 420 IPC lagta hai.

🔹 Example

Ravi ko ek fake investment link WhatsApp par mila. Link par click karke usne ₹50,000 invest kiye. Baad me pata chala website fake thi aur number unreachable hai.
Ye Section 420 IPC ka case hai.

Agar koi seller OLX ya Instagram par payment lekar product bheje hi nahi — to Section 406 + 420 dono lag sakte hain.

🔹 Key Legal Points

• Section 406 punishment: Up to 3 years + fine
• Section 420 punishment: Up to 7 years + fine
• Pehle se dishonest intention hona zaruri hai
• Online shopping scams, loan app fraud, job scam, crypto scheme fraud covered
• Cyber Cell + IPC dono ke tahat complaint file ho sakti hai

🔹 Nyay Neeti Advice

• Screenshots, chats, payment receipts collect karein
• Fake websites ya numbers ke against FIR + Cyber Cell complaint karein
• RBI fraud helpline ya National Cyber Crime Portal (1930) par report karein
• Kisi unknown link, offer, ya call par turant trust na karein
• Legal notice aur compensation claim bhi possible hai

🔹 Summary Table