Indian Penal Code (IPC)
Section 379 – Theft of data or information
🔹 Short Note (Hindi)
Section 379 IPC tab lagu hota hai jab koi insaan bina permission ke kisi aur ka data, file, confidential information ya digital document chori kare. Yani online ya offline kisi bhi form me data theft ek punishable offence hai.
🔹 Detailed Explanation (English + Hindi)
Section 379 generally deals with theft of movable property, lekin cyber world me data aur digital information ko bhi property maana ja raha hai.
Agar koi person:
- Kisi system ya device me ghuskar data copy, download ya transfer kare
- Password hack karke confidential files le jaye
- Company ke documents ya customer records leak kare
- USB, email, cloud ya unauthorized access se data le jaye
To ye act theft ke category me aata hai and Section 379 IPC apply ho sakta hai.
Is type ki chori me dishonest intention + bina consent ke access hona zaruri hai.
🔹 Main Conditions
- Data movable property ke nature ka ho (files, documents, codes, records)
- Person ka act bina permission ho
- Intention ho unauthorized gain or wrongful loss
- Access ho device, email, drive, cloud ya network se
- Victim ki ownership ya control violate ki gayi ho
🔹 Legal Meaning (Simple Terms)
Agar koi insaan kisi aur ka digital data, documents, ya confidential details bina ijazat ke apne control me le le ya transfer kare — to ye data theft maana jayega aur Section 379 lagu kiya ja sakta hai.
🔹 Example
Ritesh ek company me kaam karta hai. Wo apne resignation se pehle company ke client database aur contract files USB me copy karke kisi aur firm ko bech deta hai.
Yeh data theft hai aur is par Section 379 IPC ke under case ho sakta hai.
🔹 Key Legal Points
- IPC 379 ke under 3 saal tak ki jail + fine ho sakta hai
- Cyber Cell complaint register ki ja sakti hai
- Digital files bhi movable property ke रूप me accept kiye ja rahe hain
- Company secrets, business data, personal info chori karna bhi included hai
- IT Act ke saath combined charges bhi lag sakte hain (Section 66, 43)
🔹 Nyay Neeti Advice
- Apne digital data ke backups aur security strong rakhein
- Kisi par illegal access ya copying ka shak ho to turant FIR + Cyber Cell complaint karein
- Legal notice and damages claim bhi possible hai
- Company data, personal chats, client records ya password-based files safe rakhna zaruri hai
- Employment contracts me NDA clauses follow karein
🔹 Summary Table
| Element | Details |
|---|---|
| Offence | Theft of data or confidential digital info |
| Law Applied | Section 379 IPC |
| Punishment | Up to 3 years + fine |
| Intent | Dishonest gain or wrongful loss |
| Mode | USB, Email, Hacking, Network Access |
| Complaint Authority | Police + Cyber Cell |
