🔹IPC Sections 390–395 – Robbery & Dacoity
🔹Short Note (Hindi):
Jab chori ya loot-paat ke dauran force, maar-peet, ya dhamki di jati hai, to usse Robbery kehte hain.
Aur jab 5 ya usse zyada log milkar robbery karte hain, to wo Dacoity kehlata hai.
Ye dono hi heinous crimes hain — society ke peace aur safety ke khilaf.
🔹Full Description (English + Hindi):
🔹 Section 390 – Robbery Defined:
“When theft or extortion is accompanied by violence or fear of instant harm, it becomes robbery.”
Simple words me:
Agar koi vyakti chori karte hue kisi ko hurt karta hai, maar-peet karta hai, ya jaan se maarne ki dhamki deta hai, to wo Robbery ke under aata hai.
Example:
Ek chor ne kisi aurat ka purse cheen liya aur chaku dikhaya — ye robbery hai, kyunki yahan fear + force use hua.
🔹 Section 391 – Dacoity Defined:
“When five or more persons conjointly commit or attempt to commit a robbery, every one of them is said to commit dacoity.”
Simple words me:
Agar 5 ya usse zyada log milkar robbery karte hain ya karne ki koshish karte hain, to wo Dacoity kehlati hai.
Sabhi log, chahe kisika role chhota ho ya bada, equally guilty hote hain.
Example:
Ek gang ne raat me ek bank loota — total 6 log the — ye dacoity hai.
🔹 Section 392 – Punishment for Robbery:
Punishment: Rigorous imprisonment up to 10 years, and fine.
Agar robbery highway par raat ke time hoti hai — punishment 14 years tak badh sakti hai.
Simple words me:
Highway robbery ya violent loot ke cases me court extra punishment de sakta hai.
🔹 Section 393 – Attempt to Commit Robbery:
Attempt karne par bhi 7 saal tak ki jail + fine ho sakta hai.
Example:
Kisi ne lootne ki koshish ki par pakda gaya — tab bhi Section 393 lagega.
🔹 Section 394 – Voluntarily Causing Hurt in Robbery:
Agar robbery ke dauran kisi ko chot pahuchai jati hai — life imprisonment tak punishment di ja sakti hai.
Example:
Ek vyakti ne robbery ke time guard ko chaku mara — ye Section 394 ke under aata hai.
🔹 Section 395 – Punishment for Dacoity:
“Whoever commits dacoity shall be punished with imprisonment for life or rigorous imprisonment up to 10 years, and fine.”
Simple words me:
Dacoity ek grievous non-bailable offence hai.
Isme sabhi accused log, chahe unhone maar-peet ki ho ya nahi, equal punishment paate hain.
🔹 Main Difference Between Robbery & Dacoity:
| Basis | Robbery | Dacoity |
|---|---|---|
| No. of persons | 1–4 persons | 5 or more persons |
| Nature of act | Theft + force or fear | Robbery + gang involvement |
| Punishment | Up to 10 yrs / 14 yrs | Life imprisonment or 10 yrs |
| Example | Purse snatching with weapon | Bank loot by a gang of 5+ |
🔹 Explanation (Hindi):
Kanoon kehta hai — fear + force + loot = robbery.
Aur agar gang involved hai (5+ members), to ye dacoity ban jata hai.
Is tarah ke crimes se public safety aur law-order sabse zyada effect hota hai, isliye Indian Penal Code me inke liye heavy punishments rakhi gayi hain.
🔹Punishment :
- Sec. 392: Robbery → Up to 10 years, highway robbery → 14 years
- Sec. 393: Attempt to rob → 7 years
- Sec. 394: Hurt during robbery → Life imprisonment or 10 years
- Sec. 395: Dacoity → Life imprisonment or 10 years
(All are Cognizable, Non-bailable, and Non-compoundable offences.)
🔹Related Sections:
- Sec. 378–382: Theft
- Sec. 383–389: Extortion
- Sec. 397–398: Robbery with deadly weapon
- Sec. 399–402: Preparation & assembly for dacoity
🔹Nyay Neeti View (Legal Awareness):
Robbery aur dacoity dono hi crimes me violence aur fear shamil hota hai.
Society me peace banaye rakhne ke liye kanoon ne iske liye strict imprisonment rakhi hai.
Aise cases me victim turant FIR file kare, aur agar weapon use hua ho to extra charges lagte hain.
🔹Nyay Neeti Advice:
Agar aap kisi robbery ya dacoity ke witness ya victim hain:
📞 Call 112 (Police)
📄 File FIR under relevant IPC Sections 392–395
📷 Provide CCTV footage / eyewitness details
💻 Cyber or online robbery (wallet, UPI fraud) ke liye visit cybercrime.gov.in
