🔹 IPC Section 378 & 379 – Theft
🔹 Short Note (Hindi):
Agar koi vyakti kisi dusre ke maal, paisa, ya cheez ko chupke se bina uski marzi ke le jata hai, to wo chor (thief) kehlata hai aur uska kaam theft (chori) kehlata hai.
Ye kaam IPC Section 378 ke andar “definition of theft” hai aur Section 379 uski punishment batata hai.
🔹Full Description (English + Hindi):
🔹 Section 378 – Definition of Theft:
According to IPC Section 378:
“Whoever, intending to take dishonestly any movable property out of the possession of any person without that person’s consent, moves that property, is said to commit theft.”
Simple words me:
Agar koi vyakti kisi aur ke paas rakhi hui cheez ko bina uski permission ke, apne fayde ke liye le jata hai, to wo theft (chori) kehlata hai.
🔹 Main Elements of Theft:
- Movable Property: Jo cheez move ho sakti hai (money, phone, jewellery, etc.).
- Possession of Another: Cheez kisi dusre ke paas ho.
- Without Consent: Owner ki marzi bina.
- Dishonest Intention: Galat irade se (like fayda ya loss pahuchane ke purpose se).
- Movement: Cheez ko thoda bhi hila diya, to bhi “theft” complete ho jata hai.
🔹 Section 379 – Punishment for Theft:
“Whoever commits theft shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend to 3 years, or with fine, or both.”
Yani agar kisi ne chori ki hai, to use 3 saal tak jail ho sakti hai, ya fine lag sakta hai, ya dono.
Punishment situation aur value of stolen item par depend karti hai.
🔹 Explanation (Hindi):
Chori sirf paisa ya jewellery ki nahi hoti.
Kisi ka mobile, bike, laptop, ya document bhi bina marzi ke le jaana theft ke under aata hai.
Chahe aap kisi office me ho ya public place me — agar aapne kisi aur ka maal “apna” samajh kar liya, to kanoon use “theft” maanta hai.
🔹Example:
- Ramesh secretly took his friend’s mobile phone to sell it for money — this is theft (Sec. 378 & 379).
- A shop worker quietly took ₹1000 from the cash counter — this is also theft.
- But if someone mistakenly takes another’s umbrella thinking it’s their own, that’s not theft, because there was no dishonest intention.
🔹Punishment :
🔹Imprisonment: Up to 3 years
🔹Fine: As per the court’s discretion
🔹Or both
(Theft is a cognizable, non-bailable, and compoundable offence — depending on value and circumstances.)
🔹Related Sections:
- Sec. 380: Theft in dwelling house (ghar ya building me chori)
- Sec. 381: Theft by clerk or servant
- Sec. 382: Theft after preparation for causing hurt
- Sec. 411: Receiving stolen property
🔹Nyay Neeti View (Legal Awareness):
Theft ke cases me sabse important cheez hoti hai — intention (irada).
Agar kisi ka irada dishonest hai aur bina consent ke kisi aur ka maal le jata hai, to wo punishable hai.
India me chori ek serious crime maana jata hai, chaahe chhoti hi kyu na ho.
🔹Nyay Neeti Advice:
Agar aapke saath chori hui hai:
📞 Call 112 (Police helpline)
📄 Lodge FIR under IPC Section 379
🖥️ Online complaint karein via cybercrime.gov.in (agar online fraud ya e-wallet theft ho).
🔍 Evidence (CCTV, transaction records) collect karna mat bhooliye.
