Indian Penal Code (IPC) Section 120B : Criminal Conspiracy

Indian Penal Code (IPC) Section 120B : Criminal Conspiracy

🔹 Short Note (Hindi)

Jab do ya do se zyada log kisi illegal kaam ki planning karte hain — chahe wo kaam hua ho ya nahi — use “Criminal Conspiracy” kehte hain.

🔹 Detailed Explanation

Section 120B of the Indian Penal Code defines Criminal Conspiracy as an agreement between two or more persons to commit an illegal act, or to do a legal act by illegal means.

This means even if no actual offence has been committed, the agreement or plan itself is a punishable offence.

For example — if three people secretly plan to rob a bank or cheat someone online, they can be charged under Section 120B IPC, even if the robbery never happens.

🔹 Main Conditions

1. There must be two or more persons involved.
2. There should be an agreement or plan to do something unlawful.
3. The act doesn’t need to be executed — only the plan is enough.
4. Circumstantial evidence (proof through actions or communication) is acceptable.

🔹 Legal Meaning

Criminal Conspiracy means secretly agreeing to do something illegal or dishonest with another person.
Even planning or discussing the act can make you legally responsible.

🔹 Example

If three people meet and plan a fake investment scam to cheat people online — even before taking any money — all three can be charged under IPC Section 120B.

🔹 Key Legal Points

• Section 120B focuses on the agreement rather than the actual act.
• It’s different from Section 34 (common intention) — Section 120B deals with planning, Section 34 deals with joint action.
• Punishment depends on what offence was planned:
  • If the plan involves a serious crime (like murder, terrorism, etc.) → the same punishment as that offence.
  • In minor cases → imprisonment up to 6 months, or fine, or both.

🔹 Nyay Neeti Advice

Never participate in or even agree to any wrong or suspicious plan — even if you don’t act on it.
Just being part of such a conversation can bring legal consequences. Always say no to shortcuts or illegal offers.

🔹 Summary Table

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IPC120B, CriminalConspiracy, IndianLaw, NyayNeeti, LegalAwareness, LawEducation, IPCExplained, LegalRights, JusticeForAll, IndianPenalCode